CALIFORNIA EVIDENCE: CIVIL AND CRIMINAL
...Method of Exam: Cross-Exam
......Bias or Improper Motive
.........Friendship With Party/Family
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Remedy when witness refuses to talk with party's investigator is impeachment on basis of bias toward other party.

For impeachment purposes, may inquire as to whether witnesses, who are close family members of accused, changed story out of affection, fear or familial relationship.

May inquire as to sexual relationship between witness and party.

May show friendship between witness and accused to infer bias.